Herzberg theorised that job satisfaction was driven by two kinds of factors; motivation factors and hygiene factors. 

Motivation factors are “higher order” incentives, whilst hygiene factors describe basic conditions and elements that affect job satisfaction. 

Herzberg’s theory substantially draws on Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which proposes that humans cannot satisfactorily meet higher order needs (e.g. relating to sense of identity) until they meet basic survival needs.